A brief analysis of the environmental impact of the application of fertilizer on agroecology. As a largely agricultural country, our country uses fertilizers to increase crop yield when sowing to increase crop yield. However, due to the improper use of fertilizers, the ecological environment has been seriously polluted, and land acidification, soil fertility decline, and water resources pollution have gradually occurred. These negative effects will directly affect the quality of crops and also endanger people's health. Therefore, how to apply fertilizer correctly is the current problem that agricultural production should focus on solving.
Due to the continuous growth of our country's population, and with the acceleration of urbanization, the effective arable land area has been continuously reduced. Therefore, only by increasing crop production per unit area can the food needs of the existing domestic population be met. The application of fertilizer is a way to effectively avoid some pests and diseases, thereby increasing crop yields. However, the indiscriminate use and abuse of its fertilizers have an extremely harsh impact on the ecological environment.
The impact of fertilizer on the ecological environment
1. Acidification and compaction
The long-term use of fertilizers in the soil will directly lead to the destruction of the pH of the soil. For example, adding potassium sulfate to acidic soil, etc., will directly lead to an increase in the acidity of the soil; and adding potassium sulfate to the calcareous coating will form calcium sulfate precipitation in the soil, long-term accumulation.
These will directly lead to soil acidification and compaction, which will further reduce crop yields and increase the enrichment of harmful metal substances. In addition, because the soil will directly destroy some nutrients after acidification, under the action of rainwater erosion, these nutrients will leak downwards, causing the fertility of the land to decline rapidly.
2. Affect the quality of the water environment
To increase nutrition to crops, nitrogen fertilizers, and phosphate fertilizers will be used on farmland, but if they are not used correctly, they will directly cause eutrophication of water bodies. Crops cannot survive normally in a eutrophic water environment, seriously damaging the natural ecological environment. In case of rainwater erosion, it will further pollute groundwater resources and seriously endanger the safety of groundwater.
3. Fertilization that affects the atmospheric environment will also increase the emissions of carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and other gases, thereby causing certain pollution to the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is mainly produced by the respiration of the soil. In addition, the application of nitrogen fertilizer to the soil will also directly lead to an increase in nitrogen oxide emissions.
Countermeasures to improve the ecological environment
1. Clarify the amount of fertilizer applied
To increase the yield of crops and reduce the impact of the fertilizers used on the agricultural production environment, it is necessary to clarify the number of fertilizers applied. According to the soil conditions, different fertilizer doses are used for different crops and varieties. In addition, due to the differences in the growth and development time and quantity of different varieties and the same varieties, it is necessary to fertilize reasonably and accurately when fertilizing, to avoid secondary pollution to the environment as much as possible.
2. Combining fertilizer and organic fertilizer
Organic fertilizers can effectively improve soil nutrients and traits. The combination of organic fertilizer and fertilizer will directly increase the yield of crops and the degree of utilization of nitrogen fertilizer. For land that has been cultivated for many years, soil fertility has shown a significant downward trend, so organic fertilizers can be used to provide sufficient nutrients and microorganisms. When used, it is necessary to reasonably control the use of organic fertilizers and fertilizers to meet the growth of crops and achieve the development goals of agroecology.
3. Optimize fertilization methods
Given the serious pollution caused by the current incorrect fertilization methods to the agroecological environment, it is necessary to continuously optimize the fertilization methods to protect the natural environment on which people depend for their survival. This requires agricultural experts and scholars to be able to propose some feasible solutions based on the current actual situation. For example, when nitrogen fertilizer is used in the soil, it will cause more serious pollution, and digestive inhibitors can be taken to neutralize the content of the elements.
In this way, some of these harmful substances and their adverse effects on the natural environment can be effectively avoided. Secondly, for heavy metal-contaminated soil, some organic fertilizer or lime can be applied to regulate the pH of the soil and ensure that the fertility of the soil is suitable for sowing crops. Of course, it is also necessary to vigorously improve the comprehensive quality of farmers, so that farmers can continue to learn some scientific functional methods, and strive to improve the ecological environment, to give full play to the true effect of fertilizer.
Concluding remarks
In summary, when applying fertilizers, it is necessary to first improve the comprehensive quality of farmers, and on this basis adopt correct fertilization methods to protect the agroecological environment. At the same time, it is also necessary to strengthen people's awareness of some protection of agricultural production, so that the whole society can form strong supervision. Only in this way can we increase crop production and meet people's food needs while ensuring that the natural environment is not destroyed.
Keywords: Fertilizer; agroecological environment; improvement measures